2024-03-28T19:48:59Zhttps://www.tdx.cat/oai/requestoai:www.tdx.cat:10803/779542017-09-02T00:07:31Zcom_10803_183col_10803_195
nam a 5i 4500
Interacción persona-máquina
Teleoperación
Ley de fitts
Funciones de escala
Factores humanos
Transformación escalar de la interfaz de operador en teleoperación asistida
[Barcelona] :
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya,
2012
Accés lliure
http://hdl.handle.net/10803/77954
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Muñoz Morgado, Luis Miguel,
autor
1 recurs en línia (263 pàgines)
Tesi
Doctorat
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Institut d'Organització i Control de Sistemes Industrials
2012
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Institut d'Organització i Control de Sistemes Industrials
Tesis i dissertacions electròniques
Casals, Alícia,
supervisor acadèmic
TDX
Human-machine interaction in teleoperation, through the adequate user interface, allows achieving the level of intelligence
necessary to execute complex tasks that cannot be executed by machines or robots alone neither directly by humans. H-R
interaction techniques facilitate the execution of such tasks making them more efficient and effective through the
improvement of their user interface.
Humans have inherent motor limitations (such as physiological tremor) and perceptive limitations (mainly perception of
distance and time), which can prevent them from operating smoothly and precisely enough for certain applications. Some
studies have already tackled this problem and its effect on the human-machine interaction and teleoperated systems. There
are psychomotor models that show that the human manipulation efficiency, in actions such as pointing an object, depends
on several factors. Among these models, the most representative corresponds to Fitts’ Law, in which the execution time is a
logarithmic function of the size and distance to the object.
In teleoperation, and based on these models, a modification of the visual scale in the user’s interface has a direct effect on
the task execution time and on the precision that can be achieved. The same occurs with a change in the amplitude of the
movement executed by the human operator with respect to that performed by the system. Therefore, scaling the movement
between master and slave has a significant effect on the efficiency and effectiveness executing a task.
This research work is oriented to the design and development of a method conceived to improve effectiveness thanks to a
larger visual and motor efficiency of the human-machine interface. The method is based on the modification of the
information flow between human, machine and interface by means of the scaling of both, the human movements and the
image of the visualized task. Operation time, hand movements and the need for visual attention can thus be reduced with this
computerized assistance. The changes of scale adapt to the task, which positively affects its performance in terms of
precision and speed.
Therefore, the proposed methodology aims to link the human operator working space to the machine or robot working space
through an interface that introduces two scaling processes. A first change of scale is applied between the movement
produced by the human operator and the movement produced in the visual interface (for instance, movement of the robot
end-effector that is visualized on the computer screen); and a second change oriented to scale the real space of the task over
the visual space of the interface.
These changes of scale should be adjusted to the objects of interest, which result in a modification of the spatial resolution
according to the task to be performed and to the size, shape distance and speed of the objects. Such changes modify the
information flow between human and machine according to the characteristics and limitations of both.
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