2024-03-29T04:42:12Zhttps://www.tdx.cat/oai/requestoai:www.tdx.cat:10803/1456472017-09-01T07:18:37Zcom_10803_183col_10803_216
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Modeling of taxi cab fleets in urban environment
[Barcelona] :
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya,
2014
Accés lliure
http://hdl.handle.net/10803/145647
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Salanova Grau, Josep Maria,
autor
1 recurs en línia (234 pàgines)
Tesi
Doctorat
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Infraestructura del Transport i del Territori
2013
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Infraestructura del Transport i del Territori
Tesis i dissertacions electròniques
Estrada Romeu, Miquel Àngel,
supervisor acadèmic
TDX
Taxis are a necessary mean of transport in cities for meeting the mobility needs of its citizens. The impact of the taxi market in the daily life is quite important, concerning both financial (e.g. taxi drivers' salaries) and societal issues (e.g congestion, travel demand satisfaction). Therefore, it is crucial to develop models and tools in an effort to help decision makers control the taxi market and meet the customers' requirements for an adequate level of service. In this direction, various methodologies have been developed aiming at quantifying the impacts and evaluating the performance of the taxi sector, initially from an aggregated and economic equilibrium perspective and recently from an operational and more realistic one.
The main objective of this thesis is to develop models that analyze the provision of taxi services, emphasizing on the optimal number of taxis that are in order to provide a reasonable waiting time for customers and assure a minimum profitability to the taxi drivers. For this purpose, two models are developed, an analytical economic one and an agent-based simulation one. The first model is able to analyze the taxi market in a macroscopic way, using average values for the taxi drivers' cost and performance in the area of study for obtaining the optimum number of taxis for achieving the minimum unitary system cost and the related waiting time to this optimum fleet. The second model is able to analyze the operational characteristics of the taxi sector in detail, simulating taxi trips in a road network and recording all the performance indicators related to the operational efficiency of the sector. Observed data from the city of Barcelona are used for calibrating the developed models and obtaining the results of their application to the city of Barcelona.
The developed models perfectly complement each other. Their combination can prove to be a valuable tool for decision makers when analyzing the performance of the taxi sector or when meeting policy related decisions. At the same time, local operation issues can be analyzed in detail when designing taxi policy related issues since all actors are included within the models and can be taken into account when optimizing this performance. The models are used for analyzing the impact of pricing policies in the taxi market, evaluating the demand for taxi trips related to various fare levels and fleet sizes. Policy issues related to the taxi shifts are also taken into account through the development of an optimization problem for matching the optimum supply levels to the ones provided by a shift-based taxi policy, which is the most common around the world.
Optimum ranges of demand are obtained for the hailing, the dispatching and the stand operation modes. Dispatching mode appears to be more efficient at low demand levels, while the hailing mode present lower unitary costs for high demand levels. Aggregated models tend to underestimate the costs of both the customers and the system between 15% and 30% if the demand distribution is uniform. For non-uniform demands, the aggregated models overestimate costs between 20% and 300%, depending on the GINI value of the demand distribution.
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