<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2013-06-19T20:31:44Z</responseDate><request identifier="oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/7143" metadataPrefix="marc" verb="GetRecord">http://www.tdx.cat/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/7143</identifier><datestamp>2012-07-27T10:46:06Z</datestamp><setSpec>hdl_10803_237</setSpec></header><metadata><record xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/schema/MARC21slim.xsd"><leader>      am         3u     </leader><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="042"><subfield code="a">dc</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="260"><subfield code="c">2009-07-10</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="520"><subfield code="a">Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal degenerative disorder of locomotor and respiratory muscles, in which myofibers are progressively replaced by non-muscular fibrotic tissue. Here, we show that fibrin/ogen accumulates in dystrophic muscles of DMD patients and of the mdx mouse model of DMD. Genetic loss or pharmacological depletion of fibrin/ogen in mdx mice attenuated muscular dystrophy progression and improved locomotor capacity. More importantly, fibrin/ogen depletion reduced fibrosis in mdx mouse diaphragm. Our data indicate that fibrin/ogen, through induction of IL-1 Ò, drives the synthesis of TGF Ò by mdx macrophages, which in turn, induces collagen production in mdx fibroblasts. Fibrin/ogen-produced TGF Ò further amplifies collagen accumulation through recruitment and activation of pro-fibrotic alternatively activated macrophages. Fibrin/ogen also stimulated collagen synthesis directly in mdx fibroblasts, via  Ñv Ò3 integrin engagement. In addition, when analyzing a group of 39 DMD patients, fibrin/ogen accumulation in locomotor muscles was found associated with fibrosis and disease severity. These data unveil a novel role of fibrin/ogen in muscular dystrophy and, importantly, in the replacement of muscle by fibrotic tissue.</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="856"><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1="8" tag="024"><subfield code="a">http://www.tdx.cat/TDX-0710109-132830</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1="8" tag="024"><subfield code="a">http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7143</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="546"><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="653"><subfield code="a">inflammation</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="653"><subfield code="a">dystrophy</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="653"><subfield code="a">fibrinogen</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="653"><subfield code="a">UPA</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="653"><subfield code="a">fibrosi</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="653"><subfield code="a">múscul</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="653"><subfield code="a">inflamació</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="653"><subfield code="a">distròfia</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="653"><subfield code="a">fibrinogen</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="653"><subfield code="a">UPA</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="653"><subfield code="a">muscle</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="653"><subfield code="a">fibrosis</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2=" " ind1=" " tag="653"><subfield code="a">616.7 - Patologia dels òrgans de la locomoció. Sistema locomotor i esquelètic</subfield></datafield><datafield ind2="0" ind1="0" tag="245"><subfield code="a">The fibrinolitys system in muscle regeneration and dystrophy</subfield></datafield></record></metadata></record></GetRecord></OAI-PMH>